The Onset of Darcy–Brinkman Convection in a Porous Layer with Mutual Impact of Thermal Non-Equilibrium and Non-Uniform Temperature Gradients

The two-field thermal conditions of local nonequilibrium (LTNE) were used to investigate linear stability convection in a liquid-saturated, porous layer via the extended Brinkman–Darcy model for different non-uniform basic gradients. critical values numerically computed by Galerkin method rigid isothermal boundaries. impact LTNE and forms temperature gradients on onset was examined. porosity modified conductivity ratio has no influence system at small inter-phase heat transport coefficient limit. However, higher coefficient, an increase hastens convection. An Darcy number delays convective motions. results profiles are symmetric qualitatively. In addition, possibility control profile studied detail.